Genes that influence the grain filling process are particularly important in achieving the goal of manipulating nutrient partitioning pathways.
In most tissues, the selective activation of these cell-cycle pathways is readily discernable.
The reductionistic logic of medical education offers only false comfort, and only to those who content themselves with pathways and receptors.
Activation of this pathologic process is complex, most likely involving the activation or repression of numerous signal/transduction pathways, with subsequent effects on many genes.
Economic resources, whether measured by income levels or by asset accumulation, may be proxies for many other pathways to improved health.
Interactions between insulin and serotonergic pathways may have important consequences for their known roles in appetite modulation and trophic actions in the brain.
One approach for identifying novel genes associated with physiological pathways is to identify genes whose expression changes with differences in experimental treatment or phenotype.
Many of these cell death pathways are also associated with the secondary production of oxidants which appears to contribute to the magnitude of cell death.
