Two new ideological movements, based on diametrically opposed values, arose: militarism and pacifism.
The story challenges the confining logic that equates women with passivity and therefore places women's pacifism in opposition to men's militarism.
Such a transition from pacifism to militancy sometimes seemed more a response to state persecution than due to any planned strategy for committing violence.
This is a plain attempt to dismantle essentialized notions of women's pacifism in favor of a more complex representation of women's identities.
It was rather because the protesters in the early 1960s had managed to broaden the appeal of radical pacifism.
Non-violence has even become the preferred method of people who have never contemplated absolute pacifism.
How your practical wisdom, which at times borders on a love of violence for its own sake, challenges my intermittent pacifism, which borders on cowardice.
To date, these organizations have been the subject of dedicated monographs or studied in only very specific contexts, such as the women's movement, exservicemen's activism, and popular pacifism.
