0 causing emotional pain -- 傷感情的，令人傷心的
That was a very hurtful remark! 說那些話太傷感情了！
How can you be so hurtful? 你怎麼可以這樣傷人的心？
The way in which the medical profession tends to treat people according to their social status is hurtful, and needs to be addressed.
People in my family said hurtful or insulting things to me.
Because of their expectations that others will be hurtful or incompetent, patients with negative other-models may be particularly difficult to treat.
Expectations formed in childhood for others to be hurtful and the self to be inadequate may engender internal conflicts when facing stressful life circumstances.
Affronts to dignity and hurtful speech can have some of these effects, but this is not to say that pains and attempts to pain are themselves harms.
Under those circumstances, important epistemic resources for spurning discriminatory utterances are not readily available, so that it makes sense to suppose that hurtful actions are ipso facto harmful.
Here, a dividing line is drawn between the addressee and an outside ('they', 'people') that is described as unpleasant and hurtful.
It is clear that the disciplinary regime has by this stage evolved from being the positive and nurturing experience it was in kindergarten, to being negative and punishing, even hurtful.
