0 the process of changing the structure of the genes of a living thing in order to make it healthier, stronger, or more useful to humans -- 遺傳（基因）工程（學）
There is very little information available yet about the efficiency of genetic modification in various types of cells.
Nor has the potential use of genetic modification to create better animal models for human disease.
For example, suppose that we inadvertently expose the human species to serious threats by reducing the diversity of the human genotype through genetic modification.
We do that in this country with health and safety, we do that with genetic modification, and we do it for human fertilization and embryology.
With genetic modification, we are not moving around hundreds of genes, we are only changing one gene and keeping everything else constant.
The case of biotechnology has implications for our understanding of public policy generally and for the transatlantic conflict over genetic modification in particular.
Let us begin at the lowest imaginable level of evolution: the genetic modification of organisms through random variation and natural selection.
Consequently, the agency advocated a process-based approach that would capture all substances produced through genetic modification.
