ecosystem是什么意思

双语用例

• Trophic diversity is assessed by assigning taxa to trophic habits, thereby revealing the appearance of new components of ecosystem structure over time.

• Ideally the ultimate goal of any remediation effort will be to reduce the concentrations of contaminants at the site to those befitting a pristine ecosystem.

• The first half of the book examines turnover at species level, the second larger-scale community and ecosystem turnover.

• A major aspect of ecosystem research concerns the factors that determine the rate of nutrient fluxes and turnover in the system.

• We do not be claim that this exercise has established the precise value of a complex ecosystem service.

• The poor often have access to endangered ecosystems precisely because the ecosystems are not valuable commercially.

• These systems include animals, crops, ecosystems, and components (subsystems) of these systems.

• An ecosystem is a system controlled by the flow of energy, and substances such as water, carbon and phosphorus, exchanged among living things.