Geochemical observations appear to mirror palaeontological data, thus possibly relating chemical changes within the carbon cycle to biotic evolution.
Large-scale destabilization events in hydrological structure of oceans, biotic crises, and corresponding geological records.
We expect that over time these agroecosystems would remain with less biotic diversity (genetic, species and patch) than natural grassland ecosystems.
This and other questions raised will need to be answered before biotic indicators or thresholds are implemented.
According to this picture, new features collectively emerge during biotic self-organization on every level, from the internal cellular gel to the whole colony.
The discussion of biotic function and indicators is well done but the authors draw primarily from references explicitly associated with soil quality.
The chapter contains some novel points and raises questions that should contribute to thinking about how biotic indicators and ecotoxicology can be meaningfully applied.
Linking species and ecosystems: different biotic assemblages cause interstream differences in organic matter.
