Both standardized and unstandardized toughness values were tested separately in the statistical models.
The three species also differed in the physical toughness of their leaves (resistance to physical damage) which can also affect the rate of decomposition.
Toughness and water content of leaves varied depending on the microhabitat.
Hence, there was a trend of increasing defence (although not in leaf toughness) and declining nutritional quality towards the tropics.
In particular, we address how stereotypical assumptions about soldiering as equated with masculine ' toughness' and ' violence' appear in the interview texts.
Not that they were inherently inferior soldiers, for they were internationally famed for their toughness, discipline, and appearance.
Remarkably, load length was held approximately constant, irrespective of the large differences in tissue toughness.
These species were chosen as they are relatively common and possess leaves that differ in toughness.
