topography หมายถึงอะไรในภาษาอังกฤษ และคําจํากัดความของ topography คืออะไร?

คุณสามารถเรียนรู้ topography การออกเสียง ไวยากรณ์ และคําพ้องความหมายได้ในพจนานุกรมภาษาอังกฤษที่เชื่อถือได้มากที่สุดนี้

topography แปลว่า

0 the physical features of an area of land, such as mountains, rivers, and roads -- ลักษณะภูมิประเทศ
- the topography of the island/region.
1 the study of the physical features of an area of land, and the process of making maps. -- การศึกษาลักษณะภูมิประเทศ

A topography with similar scales in both the downstream and the cross-stream directions is potentially more relevant to geophysical problems.
Further, only topography that has zero zonal average and vanishes on side walls will be considered.
It was noted that rough ice can be particularly influenced by the currents due to underwater ice topography.
At this timescale, however, near-surface vortices are affected by external currents, bottom topography, wind, etc., and the whole approach has to be revised.
The descriptions are complemented with details on the appearance of animals, plants and topography.
The crust-mantle boundary shows an undulating topography which correlates with the main tectonic features of the area.
There is evidence that states crafted their laws to suit the political imperatives of the state's economic topography.
The plots below 2600 m had to be placed at some distance from the perpendicular line due to topography.