0 a developing insect in its first stage after coming out of the egg; a grub or caterpillar. -- ตัวอ่อนของสัตว์
A single leaf was placed in each pot containing larvae and this was replaced every second day.
One day before each new infestation the beans were carefully mixed to achieve a random distribution of host larvae.
At the same time, third instar larvae were transferred to the upper surface of the first fully opened mature leaf of individual plants.
It was defined as the period of time until the first eggs with fully-developed first instar larvae were visible in different female age classes.
To obtain infested fruits, a third instar larva was placed into a small plastic dish (diameter 17 mm, height 11 mm).
Cattle were infested artificially with 2 x 10000 larvae and the engorging adult females counted.
Possibly emerging young larvae still sustained some nutritive reserves from the egg stage.
Using these methods, the resistance status of parasite populations can be analysed by testing representative numbers of individual nematode larvae or adults.