At the 15-year assessment parents were further questioned concerning their history of alcoholism or alcohol problems and criminal offending.
However, no causal inferences can be drawn about the role of alcoholism or depression in predicting insecurity.
Offspring of parents in which at least one parent is affected by alcoholism have an increased risk of developing such a disorder.
Impact of fathers' alcoholism and associated risk factors on parent-infant attachment stability from 12 to 18 months.
The quality of parent - infant interactions was hypothesized to be a proximal mediator of the associations among alcoholism and other risk factors and attachment.
Parents were excluded if they had chronic alcoholism, drug addiction, brain trauma, or psychoses of toxic origin.
Controlling for smoking during pregnancy and parental regular smoking, a significant residual association between low birth weight and paternal alcoholism remained.
These factors are explored in two cases of public health policy: anti-smoking policy and alcoholism policy.
