Open dots, units inhibited by noxious stimulus; filled dots: units excited by noxious stimulus.
In addition, pupil size and heart rate were monitored routinely to ensure their stability when noxious pinch stimuli were applied.
The units typically had large somatic receptive fields and responded to noxious mechanical (clamp) stimulation of the distal extremities and the lip.
Pain is fundamental in a way that most commentators appreciated in terms of the universality among animals of response to noxious stimuli.
Interestingly, the dimension has an obvious face-valid relationship to the noxious experience of withdrawal symptoms.
The absolute strength and activity of the noxious agents!, together with the vulnerability of the person to such an insult are the critical factors.
One major issue to be addressed is whether these somatosensory regions demonstrate intensity encoding capacity within the noxious range.
Of these, 17 cells were also excited by noxious somatic stimuli applied in the lower part of the body.
