Przykłady offspring

• We conducted both analytic and simulation studies of artificial selection experiments in which effective population size (less than the number of surviving offsprings at each generation) is at least 100.

• What is new and important is that the present findings showed that parental cognitions also have an indirect contribution in a behavior such as gambling via offspring's cognitions.

• Will the parents of those children opting out of team games at 14 be expected to pay for their offspring's new enthusiasms?

• I have certainly had letters from supportive parents who have had to face this fact about their offspring's sexuality.

• Many would rather stay ignorant of their offspring's action, because their ignorance covers up for their own moral inadequacies and misdemeanours.

• In many cases, the children would benefit and parents would feel that their children were not being treated as second-class offsprings.

• The hypothesis of genetically-based trade-offs in offspring performance on different hosts has been proposed but this has rarely been demonstrated.

• Right now the only hereditary relationship between parents and offspring is replication.

• We see this often in the transmission of gut symbionts from parent to offspring.

• Without genetics, offspring would be an average of their parents, and the eventual population, uniformly gray.

• The parents (indirectly) and the offspring (directly) benefit because the offspring's needs are satisfied without the cost of unwanted attention and a stressful display.

• Parental nutrition might influence offspring energy reserves and aptitude to undergo periods of starvation at the end of diapause.

• Men not only attempt to attract mates; they also invest in offspring.

• He suggests that individuals differ in their desire for close, intimate relationships and, as a result, in their willingness to invest in offspring.

• If more symmetrical men have greater ability to invest in offspring, they might invest more under such conditions.