Contoh vaccination

• In the majority of patients (influenza vaccine, 98 % and pneumococcal vaccine, 94 %), vaccination was carried out in general practice.

• Oral delivery represents another attractive alternative to parenteral injection for large-scale human vaccination.

• The outcomes of six different vaccination schedules were examined.

• Analysis suggests that the pre-vaccination patterns of measles and mumps infection in the different countries were similar.

• Bars represent the average concentration (in dry weight) for groups of samples taken from fish at different time points after vaccination.

• Measles vaccine efficacy during an outbreak in a highly vaccinated population : incremental increase in protection with age at vaccination up to 18 months.

• Further research is needed to evaluate vaccination coverage and efficacy in this area.

• Particular emphasis was given to the impact of repeated vaccination on the risk of influenza in elderly subjects.

• This allows for identification of areas with ongoing poliovirus transmission and implementation of appropriate vaccination responses.

• Strategy 0 : no change in policy : single-dose vaccination at the existing coverage (70 or 90 %).

• The vaccination was administered by deep intramuscular injection in the deltoid muscle.

• Unfortunately, not all horses react in the same way to the vaccines, with some ' poor responders ' showing low levels of antibody after vaccination [1].

• We adopted a meta-population framework to model local aggregation of populations, and used this to investigate the effects of vaccination heterogeneity.

• Vaccination must be updated yearly, in order to take into account the genetic/antigenic evolution of wildtype influenza viruses.

• As indicated above, vaccination by injection appears to induce protective antibodies in the environment of the uterine cervix.