Contoh tropism

• These differences include their infectivity in host cells, virulence and pathogenesis in animal models, drug sensitivity, tissue tropism, morphology, and antigenic composition.

• The molecular basis for receptorbinding specificity and the role this plays in viral tropism and host range is not as clear-cut as is often portrayed.

• These vectors can efficiently transduce dividing and nondividing cells and have broad tissue tropism.

• The virus also has gastrointestinal tropism in various bird species.

• The virus exhibits multiple cell tropisms, infecting peripheral blood mononuclear cells and skin cells before establishing latency in sensory neurons.

• The transmission route could even be linked to host specificity and virulence or tissue tropism.

• The incentives for these tropisms, again, are too complex to summarize here.

• Topics covered include: energy flow, water relations, mineral nutrition, translocation, growth, hormones, cell growth and differentiation, vegetative and reproductive development, photomorphogenesis, tropisms and resistance to stress.

• Urbanczyk (1996, 2000) formalises this implicit assumption by appealing to the notion of 'tropism ', which is used in referring to edges.

• Rolls rejects this definition since he wishes to eliminate taxes, tropisms, and reflexes.

• Cunningham (1956) described the tropisms (taxes) of various stages of this same nematode, observing the direction of migration in inclined closed tubes.

• Yet bacteria of all those colonies communicate for tropism in shared tasks, coordinated activities and exchange of relevant genetic bacterial information using biochemical communication of meaning-bearing semantic messages.

• However, this is not a form of tropism, but a nastic movement, a similar phenomenon.

• The difference is that tropisms are influenced by the direction of their stimulus, while nastic movements are not.

• One of the nucleotide mutations is in the process of glycoprotein formation and affects tropism.