Contoh migrant

• To sum up, the decommodifying effects of social policies are different for citizens and migrants across welfare regimes.

• As the earlier areas of cocoa production in the south-east became less productive because of deforestation and declining yields, migrants moved further west.

• Earnings also contribute less to the income packages of migrants than those of citizens.

• Second, earnings comprise an even greater proportion of migrants' income package, a huge 80 per cent.

• Retirement migrants are not homogeneous and the flows of people who move in later life include diverse personal and economic situations.

• During earlier famines, rural households had relied heavily on remittances of male migrants working in distant places.

• Third, they argue that class divisions among migrants and among established residents suggest that neither group is as homogenous as they are portrayed to be.

• Also, all potential effects of fertility differentials between migrants and members of the incumbent population become immaterial.

• The important question here is whether dissimilar social policy constructions account for the differences in migrants' ability to enjoy a socially acceptable standard of living.

• In small-scale, egalitarian societies migrants played a similar role.

• His elegant narrative is often accompanied by interesting anecdotes or folk tunes inspired by the various facets of the migrants' lives.

• In fact, elderly migrants appear to be much more vulnerable to poverty than elderly citizens in several countries.

• Conversely, there is greater utilisation of social assistance by migrants, and means-tested benefits form a larger component in their income packages compared with citizens.

• Second, what are the stratifying effects of social policies for migrants and ethnic minorities?

• If new forms of social services, adapted to the needs of older migrants, were developed, presumably they would use them.