Contoh concave

• Citizens have single-peaked preferences over policy outcomes, represented by a concave utility function that attains a maximum at the citizen's ideal point xi.

• Then the adjacent bubble surfaces would be circular arcs concave upward.

• Note that, in this framework, an equal distribution of income would indeed be recommended under the unlikely conditions of people having identical, concave utility functions.

• Therefore, a concave body may be virtually cut into several convex subbodies at the stage of creating the geometry model of the body.

• Increasing (componentwise, directionally) concave orders are defined analogously.

• Firstly, note that with a concave tax schedule, the tax burden rises relatively steeply when pollution levels are low.

• Specifically, latency of a discriminative response, like probability of generalization, falls off according to a decreasing, concave-upward function of distance between stimuli in representational space.

• Thus, virtual extension consists of transforming the convex faces in the second and third classes into concave faces by generating virtual links.

• The specimen as preserved is slightly concave, owing to compression.

• The shear elasticity of the membrane prevents folding, but may cause the formation of sharp corners and concave regions along the cell contour.

• The dip below the logarithmic law usually observed in two-dimensional concave wall boundary layers is absent.

• This decrease, however, is opposed by an increase in pressure due to the concave curvature in the axial direction.

• This implies that the objective functional coincides with the social production function of the consumption-good sector which is nonlinear and concave. 14.

• How consumers respond to uncertainty depends on whether their marginal utility is convex or concave in consumption.

• These fragments did not correspond to the same object, both had the characteristic concave side facing the ground and neither one had basal supports.