For conifers, mature male cones only were used for flowering phenology.
Ten stands were located in mixed forests dominated by conifers (forest habitats), and ten stands were located in open agricultural landscapes (farmland habitats).
Many individual ancient oaks are still to be found in current plantations of conifers, left simply because they were too difficult to remove.
It was mainly the conifer plantations that were felled at this time.
There was no significant relationship between duration of overlap and the amount of conifer present in each tetrad.
Evaluation of several methods of canopy openness as predictors of photosynthetic photon flux density in deeply shaded conifer-dominated forest understorey.
A similar situation occurred in conifers, until cuticle studies enabled species to be distinguished on reliable characters.
Nevertheless, in many cases the woods produced by deciduous and evergreen conifers may be distinguished from one another on the basis of percentage skew values.
