Progression of retinopathy is thought to be quicker in the elderly patient.
Reversible causes including cataract formation can be treated, and any progressive diseases such as glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy amenable to intervention should be identified.
The development of diabetic retinopathy can be broadly characterised into three stages: non-proliferative, pre-proliferative and finally proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
Electroretinographic oscillatory potentials predict progression of diabetic retinopathy.
Clinically, diabetic retinopathy is divided into two stages: background and proliferative retinopathy.
In contrast to the other glomerulopathies, the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy is made on clinical grounds alone, particularly if hypertension and retinopathy are present.
Prevalence and risk of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is 20 or more years.
Prevalence and risk of retinopathy when age at diagnosis is 30 or more years.
