Examples of re-election

• Furthermore, there are no term limits and parties are obliged to nominate incumbents desiring re-election regardless of their conduct in office.

• Provincial rivalries for power were slowly eliminated, internal conflict reduced, and presidents succeeded one another observing the principle of no re-election.

• We expect that these cross-pressured members had a harder time securing re-election because they were less in line with their national parties and their constituencies.

• Their chances of winning increase as the chance of the incumbents' re-election decreases, so the opposition benefits from revelations of corruption involving incumbents.

• We expect such variables to have a positive impact on the option of running for re-election, since they increase the payoffs for staying in office.

• It holds true to the fundamental assumption that candidates are motivated by re-election and that the median voter exerts real centripetal pull.

• For example, suppose a particular deputy is twice as likely to run for re-election as to retire.

• In four of these five, the incumbents ensured that the new rules guaranteed their own re-election.