Examples of market-led

• This is usually market-led, and as will be shown, increasing urbanization is currently providing the market stimulus.

• Local authorities and voluntary housing associations were increasingly required to operate according to market-led performance indicators, formulated and monitored by central government.

• In practice, this meant that the government emphasised market-led adjustment and a relatively passive role for the state.

• Other conditions for market-led efficiencies relate to competitiveness: is there enough of the right kind of competition among providers to generate quality and choice improvements and/or to reduce prices?

• The rollout of broadband in under served areas was also discussed, including the importance of applying structural funding in a technology-neutral, market-led and competition-based way.

• Should we see that the market-led approach was failing, that would be the opportune moment at which to intervene further.

• We need to have a market-led solution so that we do not find we are collecting things just for the sake of it.

• This does not mean that we are simply content to allow a completely market-led free-for-all.