Examples of thistle

• Three mowings per season provide a better thistle control than two mowings.

• The biggest part of such emerged thistles was covered by the already fast developed clover plants.

• This initial thistle density was the basis for the efficacy determination of all control measures.

• Other studies have demonstrated the importance of a dense competitive crop stand for successful thistle suppression12,13.

• Repeated mowing of forage such as alfalfa or legume-grass mixtures can severely reduce thistle density.

• The need for the latter is also emphasized by the frequent choice of thistle seed cake and malt culms as potential feedstuffs.

• One can assume, that particularly under water stress, repeatedly disturbed and seriously weakened thistles were no longer able to emerge in our experiment.

• Only a few thistles in several patches grew undisturbed.

• In our experiment, the regenerative capacity of thistles was considerably lower than that of clover when ryegrass- clover ley was mowed and/or mulched.

• Go, neddy, and you shall have an additional feed of thistles.

• Generally, the different strategies showed only minor differences, thus delivering options for optimal strategies of thistle control under given specific conditions of sites and cropping systems.

• I have known fields that in the last 10 years have gradually disappeared, encroached upon by bracken, thistles, or ragwort.

• We have seen to our sorrow miles of it, full of thistles, reeds and rubbish, and producing little.

• Grapes cannot be won from thorns, or figs from thistles.

• This could include noxious weeds like thistles or willow-herb, which can sow themselves on adjoining land.