Not all patients with interruption between the carotid and subclavian arteries have the deletion, and some, albeit very few, with interruption at the isthmus do.
The balloon diameter was between the diameters of aortic isthmus and descending aorta at the level of diaphragm.
Another potential carrier would have been ships' ballast, especially from ships that were wrecked at the isthmus.
The diameter of the isthmus was found to be smaller, and the size of mitral valve annulus larger, than previously published values.
Stimulation of the nucleus isthmi leads to time-varying electrical potentials in the optic tectum.
When shedding of the oocyte(s) into the ampulla is imminent, stored spermatozoa are activated and released from the caudal isthmus in discrete numbers.
The skin and bone above the tectum were opened to allow access to the nucleus isthmi, which lies below the tectum at its caudal pole.
However, its application, safety, and efficacy in the setting of mild hypoplasia of the aortic isthmus has not been determined.
