The highlighted elements in each of the (b) representations are not derived by linguistic decoding but are pragmatically inferred.
The closure of the blocked channels can be inferred because the blocker remains stably trapped in the closed channel.
Narrative form integrates situations and context, and less salient cues, to infer whether an emotion indicates suffering or something else.
The practice of inferring the activity of either autonomic branch from heart rate alone is outdated and unlikely to be fruitful in the future.
From the other 131 the status can only be inferred with varying degrees of plausibility.
Or did they infer that the researcher wanted them to consider it - or else, why would it be presented to them in the first place?
To do so, however, required a sophisticated, post-access, recognition process that could infer a target letter from a word representation.
The underlying contact patterns which give rise to the different rates of infection by age cannot be directly inferred from epidemiological data.