0 a word taken from one language and translated in a literal or word for word way to be used in another: --
The phrase "ear worm" is a loan translation from the German Ohrwurm.
In such bilingual communities, loan translations are common enough that deeper grammatical structures may also be borrowed in this case, from the oral language.
With respect to the lexicon, there are calques or loan translations, particularly among verbs.
The phrase has gained currency as a proverb in loan translation in other languages.
Strictly speaking, "otearai" refers to the sink and is actually a loan translation of the word lavatory.
This may be simple, for example borrowing a word from another language, or more involved, as in loan translation.
English "homesickness" is a loan translation of "nostalgia".
Code-switching is distinct from other language contact phenomena, such as borrowing, pidgins and creoles, loan translation (calques), and language transfer (language interference).
A loan translation, also called a calque, is the result of a process in which each morpheme or word is translated by the equivalent morpheme or word in another language.
