If the breakup of the filament between droplets is not exactly symmetrical, surface-tension forces will impart a velocity to the droplet.
This breakup is clearly demonstrated by figure 8, which depicts the overall vorticity field at identical times for different levels of heterogeneity.
The breakup length of viscous jets is predicted by the thin-filament equation within the scatter of the data.
The filament breakup time is predicted, within the scatter of the data, by the thin-filament equation.
The broken lines are the dimensionless breakup times.
In this simulation the critical capillary number necessary for breakup is reduced by approximately 5 % from the single-phase drop result.
The capillary instability causes breakup into drops; the presence of the annular phase allows both the annular- and core-phase properties to influence the drop size.
Also, as the viscosity of the occluded phase is increased, the critical capillary number for breakup decreases.
