These difficulties include poor academic motivation and school failure, depressed mood, school truancy, and delinquency.
Delinquency was operationalized in terms of the total frequency of various deviant behaviors ranging from truancy at school to violence intending serious injury.
This construct was based on youth, caretaker, and teacher reports of the youth's truancy.
Typical disruptive behaviors are serious and persistent disobedience, frequent lying, aggressive behaviors, minor forms of theft, truancy during elementary school, and early substance use.
In addition, the following risk factors contributed: high tobacco use, high alcohol use, high drug selling, high interpersonal callousness, and high truancy.
Examples of status offenses include truancy, repeated running away from home, and repeated use of intoxicating beverages.
This failure often indicates either chronic truancy or delinquent behavior on the part of the adolescent.
The authority conflict pathway applies to boys up to age 12 years, because after that age truancy becomes more common.
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absentismo escolar, novillos, ausencia no justificada de un escolar…
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(学校の)無断欠席, ずる休み…
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