0 processes that relate to the structure of the earth's surface and the way it is formed, changed, and moved by forces inside it:
The theory of plate tectonics says that thick slabs of crust under the oceans and continents move around like jigsaw puzzle pieces.
Geologists worked hard to discover what plate tectonics revealed about Earth's past.
The role of tectonics is absolutely critcal in understanding those changes in early humans.
Depending on the geology, the tectonics and thus the topography of the earth's surface beneath it, it may be many miles deep or some few fathoms shallow.
The evidence, including that of xenoliths carried in the magmas, supports the idea of melting of old metasomatized lithospheric mantle, usually associated with rifting tectonics.
Extensional tectonics played a major role during the latest stages of exhumation, as shown by collapse folds and brittle shear zones.
The requirements for plate tectonics of water and mass are also independently requirements for habitable planets.
So these requirements for plate tectonics are already fundamental conditions for a habitable planet.
