Eggs were checked for pipping, and chick wing lengths were measured from the carpus to the tip of the longest primary.
In birds, the process of breaking open the eggshell is commonly referred to as pipping.
A low-intensity alarm vocalization has been recorded and it is described as a faint pipping sound, seeming to alert and call attention to nearby danger.
Chicks have a pipping muscle on the back of their necks.
There are also different songs across the subspecies and in particular two types of pipping call which have a patchwork distribution across the range and between the subspecies.
