For example, pre-adaptation to cold may protect against subsequent exposure to ionizing radiation (positive acclimation), but may increase vulnerability to hypoxia (negative acclimation).
Ultrasonography offers excellent spatial resolution, portability, and lack of ionizing radiation and the need for transport.
The high-density pellet core is surrounded by a hot, fully ionized low-density corona.
The electronic stopping is due to the free electrons as the plasma target is considered fully ionized.
Detailed studies on highly ionized atomic species in different plasma conditions can therefore be per formed simultaneously under controlled conditions.
Generation of ultrashor t light pulses by a rapidly ionizing thin foil.
As the electrons propagate inside the target, they ionize the material, which becomes opaque to the probe.
In the high temperature limit, the equation of state has the asymptotic behavior of ideal fully ionized plasma consisting of electrons and nuclei.
