Holes were drilled to 300m and then to 2000m and a large reservoir of hot fractured rock was established by explosive and hydraulic fracturing.
In addition to hydraulic fracturing of vertical wells, it is also performed in horizontal wells.
Hydraulic fracturing operations can damage transportation infrastructure, creating costs for local taxpayers.
Increases in seismic activity following hydraulic fracturing are usually caused by the deep-injection disposal of flowback and produced brine from hydraulically fractured wells.
However, methane contamination is not always caused by hydraulic fracturing.
Reservoirs are often treated by hydraulic fracturing or other activities to stimulate greater conductivity.
In the same book he predicted the development of unconventional oil and gas resources thanks to the advent of new technologies including hydraulic fracturing.
Crystalline silica is used in hydraulic fracturing of formation which contain tight oil and shale gas, a use which presents a health hazard to workers.