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Indeed, the initial assessment of alternatives to workfare is a relevant prelude to rendering a comparative assessment of workfare itself.
Contemporary workfare initiatives are of course only the latest in a long list of attempts to link work and welfare.
Their incorporation both expanded federal assistance to the poor and helped solidify the workfare paradigm.
Many of the most standard ordinary social welfare programmes assume some other form of mutuality than that embodied in workfare.
In so doing, they are able to show that workfare is a considerably more complex and multifaceted entity than is commonly assumed.
Even workfare initiatives were primarily championed by policy advocates and experts.
This argument engages recent scholarship on workfare and on welfare state retrenchment.
In accomplishing this task so successfully, the editors have furnished us with a much-needed account of contemporary workfare arrangements in key welfare regimes.
The mixed results of welfare-to-work studies helped dampen the enthusiasm of many ardent workfare supporters.
Although there are some delightful historical touches, all that material is broadly familiar to anyone who has been following 'workfare' debates worldwide.
The second is that independence and a 'better life' for lone parents will be achieved through a 'hand-up' to work through workfare.
Certainly there are distinctions to be made between different sorts of workfare policies.
A further - significant - feature of the discussion concerns the degree to which the introduction of workfare programmes has led to a 'convergence' of national social assistance schemes.
The rhetoric of workfare and mutual obligation insists that the unemployed repay their dole payments with some very specific thing: labour time, spent in one of the prescribed activities.
In general, though, there is a good deal of diversity among the regimes under review - and, beyond the forensic analysis of workfare policies themselves, the real issue is their effectiveness.
