Примери за surrogate

• Some surrogates need to review what the patient and/or family has experienced in the past with end of life issues.

• Whilst the dependency burden from unmarried children decreased with parental age, surrogate parenthood of grandchildren showed no appreciable decline with age.

• This may not be possible within a trial setting, and the assessment of surrogate endpoints should then be considered.

• In addition, they usually use results based on surrogate or intermediate endpoints to obtain the final endpoints.

• There might be reason to probe a little further with a surrogate decisionmaker who is refusing pain medications on behalf of a patient.

• For those patients who did want to be resuscitated, 16% of surrogates believed they did not.

• Given that disorganized attachment is associated with negative long-term outcomes, foster placement with nonnurturing surrogate caregivers appears to be problematic.

• Participants spoke of the time they spent with neighbours' children, some even described this relationship as being like a surrogate grandparent.

• None of the surrogate-reared rhesus infants exhibited the normal diurnal decrease in cortisol over the daytime hours.

• They found that their model predicted patients' treatment preferences with essentially the same accuracy as surrogates.

• The most common reason for ethics consultation for our ethics committee is when patients, or their surrogates, demand treatments that will provide no measurable benefit.

• A variety of reasons might be given to prefer one or another of the surrogates listed above.

• Thus, soil moisture monitored from burned forests may be used as surrogates for unburned adjacent forests.

• Perhaps the instrument lacked sufficient sensitivity to measure improvements in surrogate accuracy.

• Because surrogates often help dying patients access care, incomplete knowledge of hospice may be an important barrier to hospice services.